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Characteristics of Mastiha
Mastic comes from the trunk of the mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus), which belongs to the family of evergreen shrubs. It is produced from the trunk of the plant as a resin during the summer and autumn months of the year. In these months the bark of the plant is scored to collect the mastic, and during the winter months the mastic is cleaned. When it is extracted from the trunk, it is transparent and sticky, highly aromatic, but when it dries, it hardens and takes on a white and yellow color.
This impressive plant can grow up to 4 meters and live for about 100 years.
As for the soil and climate in which it thrives, the plant grows only in southern Chios. This fact is probably due to the microclimate and the undersea volcanoes that enrich the soil. Attempts have been made to cultivate it in other regions within and outside Greece without success.
The medicinal properties of mastic have been known since antiquity and have long been recognized by the European Medicines Agency. It is used for its healing action in dermatological conditions, oral lesions, gastrointestinal disorders, as well as for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antifungal effects.
History of mastic
The cultivation of mastic dates back to the 3rd century BC, and references to mastic can be found from the 5th century BC, when the historian Herodotus described how the ancient Greeks chewed the natural resin of the mastic tree. It is also mentioned in other ancient texts that recognized its medicinal properties and advised its inclusion in the daily diet. The medicinal properties of the mastic tree also became known to Roman aristocrats, who added it to wine and even used the bark of the plant, making toothpicks from mastic wood as a natural tooth whitener. The popularity of mastic soared during the Byzantine Empire in the 10th century. The island of Chios was considered a treasure of the empire, and mastic became highly sought after in the commercial centers of both Europe and Asia. The existence of mastic, also known as “the precious tear,” is explained according to the island’s tradition, according to which in 250 AD the plant began to weep when Saint Isidore was martyred. Mastic is produced in 24 settlements on the island that have been designated as traditional settlements by the Hellenic Ministry of Culture.
Today mastic is a highly sought-after material and is used in the production of oral hygiene products, ouzo, baked goods, dietary supplements, galenic preparations, cosmetics and more.
Ingredients
Essential mastic oil from the trunk of the Pistacia Lentiscus tree-Mastichodendro.
Chemical composition of mastic essential oil
α-pinene 82.26%, β-pinene 2.96%, β-myrcene 1.92%, p-cymene, limonene, linalool, camphene, β-caryophyllene, (E) – Me isoeugenol.
Methods of use
- In a basin of warm water, add 5–6 drops of mastic essential oil and use a cloth or towel for warm compresses. Warm compresses with mastic essential oil soothe menstrual symptoms and relieve rheumatic pains.
- Add a few drops to an almond oil and massage to improve blood circulation.
- To cleanse your space from microbes, add a few drops to a burner. In addition, the vapor can clear the airways.
- For an effective room deodorizer, add 5–8 drops to a container of water. Shake before each use and spray where needed.
- Combines well with lemon, lavender and cinnamon essential oils
Useful tips
- The use of essential oils should be avoided during pregnancy, breastfeeding and by small children.
- Avoid direct contact with skin, eyes and mouth.
- Always use essential oils diluted in a carrier oil or other medium.
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