The Role of Electrolytes in Proper Hydration of the Body

We are in the heart of summer and the high temperatures require an increased consumption of fluids and water to properly hydrate the body.
Water has been associated with the existence of life since it makes up 60% of the body's composition. The vital functions of the body such as maintaining a constant temperature, transporting nutrients, digesting food, eliminating toxins from the body are largely carried out by the existence of water. For this reason, it is important to consume a sufficient amount of water daily, which is approximately 8 glasses or 2 liters of water. This amount changes depending on the season, gender and physical activity.

Another factor that significantly contributes to the ideal hydration of the body is electrolytes. Electrolytes are chemical compounds and belong to a class of metals that conduct electricity when dissolved in water. They are found wherever there is water, in intracellular and extracellular fluid, blood and other body fluids. Maintaining their balance is important, as they are the elements that regulate the body's fluid levels.

The main electrolytes are: Sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, chlorine, magnesium.
Sodium : It is the main component of the extracellular fluid and is the key to the movement of fluids in and out of the cell. It is found in pancreatic fluids, tears, bile and sweat. It helps eliminate CO2, regulates blood pressure, and carries the electrochemical signal for muscle contraction and nerve function.
Potassium : It is the main component of intracellular fluid and is necessary for the contraction of smooth muscle fibers. The difference in potassium-sodium concentration across the cell membrane regulates blood pressure. It plays an important role in brain functions such as learning and good memory.
Calcium: It is an essential element of the cell structure and necessary for blood clotting, hormone function, muscle contraction, activates enzyme production and nerve transmission.
Phosphorus: Found in muscle tissue and stored in bones. It transports nutrients into the cell while at the same time contributing to its detoxification by removing waste material. It also contributes to the synthesis of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. In addition to skeletal health, it strengthens the function of the brain, kidneys and heart.
Chlorine: Found in the extracellular fluid and often interacts with sodium. It is a key electrolyte in regulating osmotic pressure and is the key component in the creation of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
Magnesium : Found in bones and muscle tissue and necessary for enzyme production. It regulates the blood sugar level, improves period pains, mood and contributes to restful sleep.

When our body takes in less fluid or water than it needs, or excretes more than it takes in, dehydration occurs, a condition that disrupts the electrolytes and acid-base function of the entire body. The replenishment of electrolytes in tablets or powder is considered necessary, when there is increased sweating, increased temperature in the natural environment, in cases of diarrhea and gastritis. In addition to regulating body fluids, electrolyte balance is important for energy transport and daily muscle and nerve needs.
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