Characteristics of lavender
OR lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is an aromatic, perennial plant of the Lamiaceae family, with characteristic purple flowers and an intense, sweet aroma. It thrives in dry, sunny environments and is a particularly hardy plant. Lavender is cultivated mainly for its cosmetic, medicinal and aromatic properties, with its flowers being collected when fully bloomed for the production of the essential oil through steam distillation.
Historical Facts
The use of lavender dates back to ancient Egypt, where it was used in embalming ceremonies. The ancient Greeks and Romans valued it for its cleansing and calming properties, hence its name, from the Latin to wash (to wash). During the Middle Ages it was used in therapeutic infusions and disinfectants for rooms, while in the 19th century its antiseptic action was officially recognized by Western medicine.
Ingredients
Lavender essential oil is distilled from the flowers and stems of the plant using the hydrodistillation method.
Chemical Composition
Lavender essential oil is rich in linalool and linalyl acetate – two compounds responsible for its calming, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. It also contains smaller amounts of camphor, cineole and beta-caryophyllene, making it suitable for skin, nervous system and respiratory care.
Instructions for Use
Lavender essential oil is one of the safest and mildest, suitable even for direct application in small quantities.
Aromatherapy: 3-5 drops in a diffuser or aroma lamp for relaxation, improved sleep and reduced stress.
Skin: 1-2 drops diluted in base oil on irritations, burns or stings.
Bathroom: 5 drops in a full bathtub for calm and muscle relaxation.
Massage: 5-10 drops in 30 ml of base oil to enhance circulation and relieve stress.
Use in Chinese Medicine and Ayurveda
In the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), lavender is considered a refreshing and balancing herb that helps release accumulated heat and tension in the liver and heart. It is often used for headaches, stress, and insomnia.
In the Ayurveda, lavender balances the Pitta and Vata dosha, calming the fire of the nervous system and promoting peace of mind. It is ideal for emotional relief, promoting good sleep and treating skin disorders.
Useful tips
Lavender essential oil should be avoided during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and by young children. Avoid direct contact with skin, eyes and mouth.
Essential oils are always used dissolved in a base oil.
After use, avoid exposure to the sun.
The composition of lavender essential oil as obtained by chromatography:
| Family | Composition | Lavender officinalis Lavandula angustifolia |
Lavender aspic Lavandula latifolia |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Terpenes / Monoterpenols |
 Linalool |
28.92 % | 49.47 % |
| α-Terpineol | 0.90% | 1.08% | |
| γ-Terpineol | 0.09% | ||
| Borneol | 1.43% | ||
| Isoborneol | 0.82% | ||
| Terpinen-4-ol | 4.32% | ||
| Nerol | 0.20% | ||
| Lavandulol | 0.78% | ||
|
Terpenes / Terpene esters |
 |
32.98 % | |
| Geranyl acetate | 0.60% | ||
| Neryl acetate | 0.32% | ||
| Octene-3-yl acetate | 0.65% | ||
| Lavandulyl acetate | 4.52% | ||
|
Terpenes / Monoterpenes |
Myrcene | 0.46% | 0.41% |
| α-Pinene | 0.54% | ||
| β-Pinene | 0.33% | ||
| Camphene | 0.30% | ||
| (E)-b-Okra | 3.09% | ||
| (Z)-β-Ocimene | 4.44% | ||
| b-Phellandrene | 0.12% | ||
|
Terpenes / Terpenoid oxides |
 Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) |
25.91 % | |
|
Terpenes / Sesquiterpenes |
b-Caryophyllene | 4.62% | 2.10% |
| b-Farnesene | 2.73% | ||
| Germacrene | 0.27% | ||
| a-Humulene | 0.28% | ||
| Ketones |
 Camphor |
0.85% | 13.00 % |
| 3-Octanone | 0.72% | ||
 Crypton |
0.35% |
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